Saturday 29 November 2008

Steinitz matters (1)

What did Wilhelm Steinitz matter to chess? As a boy I read in some of my very first chess books, that Steinitz was the "founder" of modern chess. That he was the one to come up with the theory of "the balance of the position", and something about that you should only attack when you have the "advantage". Later on I read something similar in writings by distinguished authors like Reti, Euwe, Saidy, Golombek amo.. Some of them even wrote that Steinitz "formulated" his theories, especially in his columns in "The Field" from 1873-83.
As a more mature chess addict I, by som instance, got curious. Why was it that I, who had read a quite huge amount of chess litterature, had never come about and read any passages, where the man explicitly "formulated" these "theories"?
I got a copy of "Modern Chess Instructor", Steinitz´s chess manual from his later years. Here was quite interesting insights into "modern chess" compared to, first and foremost, Morphy, but nothing about "theories". But, any how, a great manual, compaired to its time. I also read Hannaks Steinitz-biography from 1936: "...the Michelangelo of chess". Very nice, almost nutty-nutty and halleluja to the great man and his life, which indeed was very special and interesting too, but nothing about "theories".
Then I -and THAT was a mistake! - bought ChessBase´s CD on Steinitz, published in a series of world champion monographs. It contained some short texts covering Steinitz chess career and a database-jump with his games - and not much more. It seems that this Chessbase-company think they can get away with publishing - and selling! - almost any rubbish. I claim that I could produce such a CD in less than two weeks. Do not buy these monographs, I recommend you!
But then I found out that ChessCafé was selling a Steinitz-CD edited by Sidd Pikard. Wise from experience I cheked the content thoroughly and then purchased it. I was not disappointed. Here you will have a lot of games commented by Steinitz him self in CB-formate. And a lot of texts from the great man, even some scanned in from the original sources. And much more. A true gem for Steinitz-freaks, even though it is quite expensive. You can only complan about the title: "Complete works of Steinitz", which it is not, more it is "Selected works..."
But...even here, nothing resembling an explicit "fórmulation" of theories.
So here I am, still more bewildered. Soon I will get Landsbergers quite recent biography. And I am also at the look out for Purdys much-referred-to article "The great Steinitz Hoax", published in the end-70es.
But...I have found another track to follow. The man did comment on a enourmous amount of games, both in "The Field" and his "International Chess Magazine", and otherwhere (fi. the tournament book on New York, 1889). And these comments did have some distinctions, he was obvíously after finding the inner logic in each game, and there by in chess in general. An approach which was not at all common at that time. And as you may suppose he was widely read, he must have had some impact on other chess commentors, at least.
So the searching goes on, and I by this time am trying to locate different prominent chess writers from 1870es, 80es and 90es. Question: Can you detect some influence from Steinitz in their chess thoughts and comments?

3 comments:

Anonymous said...

"The Great Steinitz Hoax"

I contacted Bob Long, the publisher of all the Purdy books regarding the hoax.
(bob@thinkerspressinc.com)
He recalled writing an article about the hoax but could not remember where.
Purhaps from your proding he would track it down.

Wilhelm Schlemermeyer said...

Hi Jens,
very nice blog!
Also searching for Steinitz and thankful to Sid Pickard for his CD it seems to me that you are on the right track. Steinitz analyzed a lot and surely is the inventor of critical chess-commentary (and a bit more). But did Tarrasch and Lasker read Steinitz' columns in "The Field" before they went to London? I still don't know. - Purdy has his point. Very often Lasker (and Euwe) are wrongly taken for Steinitz. There is a Lasker-theory in his "Manual", mixed up with philosophy, but very important for chess. - Did you read Forster: http://www.kwabc.org/Home/lateknight26.htm
Best wishes
Wilhelm
wschlemermeyer@yahoo.de

Jim Roe said...

I came across this:
> On Aug 3, 10:55 pm, Berkeley Brett wrote:
As I understand it, Dr. Lasker believed his book was a generalization of his Chess philosophy to life in the broadest sense. He attributed the great synthesis of Chess theory to Wilhelm Steinitz, and believed that that great Chess luminary had developed his theory after long study of the Chess games of Paul Morphy. (See the last long quote on this page for details:http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Paul_Morphy)
In 1978, the Australian IM and World Correspondence Chess Champion
C.J.S. Purdy published an interesting article disputing this. In "The Great Steinitz Hoax" he argued that Steinitz never actually propounded what is today commonly called "the theory of Steinitz" or "the principles of Steinitz." Purdy writes: "The truth is that these principles were indeed formulated, but solely by Emanuel Lasker." Purdy goes on to note how in his "Manual of Chess" (1926) Lasker was at pains to attribute most major principles of chess play to Steinitz, yet in "Struggle" 1907) he "published some of the most fundamental of all of them without a single mention of Steinitz." In the Manual, Lasker called himself merely a "player" while Steinitz was "the
thinker," yet Purdy presents a persuasive case that it was actually
the other way around.
Why did Lasker at first neglect Steinitz, then work so hard to give
Steinitz credit that was rightfully Lasker's own? Purdy attributes
this to latent guilt over Steinitz's declining mental health and sad
end after Lasker twice beat him decisively in title matches.
Purdy's article first appeared in The Chess Player's Quarterly, and
was reprinted in #2 of the series "Lasker and his
Contemporaries" (1979) from Thinker's Press. Purdy is entitled to his opinion but circumstantail edvidence is just that.
You're not being at all clear about which Purdy opinion you differ
with. Furthermore, World Champion Purdy is certainly far more entitled
to his very highly educated opinions than is a trolling anonymouse
with no credentials whatever.

I hope to have a copy of the Hoax article. If you email me at
jim_roe@sympatico.ca I will send it to you.